【few的用法介绍】在英语中,“few”是一个常见的量词,用来表示“很少的”或“少数的”,通常用于可数名词前。它与“a few”有明显的区别,前者带有否定意味,后者则带有肯定意味。理解“few”的正确用法对于提高英语表达的准确性非常重要。
一、few的基本含义
“few”表示数量少,强调的是“没有很多”,通常带有否定或轻微的负面语气。它只能用于可数名词的复数形式。
例如:
- I have few friends.(我朋友很少。)
- There are few people in the room.(房间里的人很少。)
二、few与a few的区别
项目 | few | a few |
含义 | 很少的,几乎没有 | 少量的,有一些 |
语气 | 否定/消极 | 肯定/积极 |
例句 | He has few chances to win.(他获胜的机会很少。) | He has a few chances to win.(他有几个获胜的机会。) |
三、常见搭配和用法
1. few + 可数名词复数
- She has few books.(她书很少。)
- They made few mistakes.(他们犯了很少的错误。)
2. few of + 名词/代词
- Few of us know the answer.(我们中很少有人知道答案。)
- Few of the students passed the exam.(很少有学生通过考试。)
3. not a few = many(不是很少,而是很多)
- Not a few people attended the meeting.(很多人参加了会议。)
四、使用注意事项
- “few”不能用于不可数名词,如:
❌ He has few water.
✅ He has little water.
- “few”常用于正式或书面语中,口语中更常用“not many”。
- 在否定句中,可以用“not many”代替“few”,但语气略有不同。例如:
- I saw few people.(我看到的人很少。)
- I didn’t see many people.(我没看到很多人。)
五、总结表格
用法 | 例子 | 说明 |
few + 可数名词复数 | He has few options. | 表示数量少,带有否定意味 |
few of + 名词/代词 | Few of the guests left early. | 强调群体中的少数 |
not a few | Not a few students failed. | 表示“很多”,与“few”相反 |
与a few对比 | Few people came. / A few people came. | 前者是“很少”,后者是“有些” |
不可数名词 | ❌ He has few money. / ✅ He has little money. | “few”不适用于不可数名词 |
通过以上内容可以看出,“few”虽然简单,但在实际使用中需要特别注意其语气和搭配。掌握好“few”的用法,有助于更准确地表达“数量少”的概念,避免误用带来的语义偏差。